中性粒细胞和淋巴细胞比值对根治性前列腺切除术患者生化复发的影响

目的探究接受根治性前列腺切除术治疗的患者,其中性粒细胞和淋巴细胞比值(NLR)与生化复发(BCR)的关系。方法回顾性收集2009年1月至2017年12月于四川大学华西医院接受根治性前列腺切除术(RP)的620例前列腺癌患者的临床资料。运用单因素与多因素Cox回归分析、限制性3次样条回归分析和趋势性检验分析NLR与BCR的关系,用分层分析进一步讨论手术入路、肿瘤大小和前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)水平对NLR与BCR关系的影响。结果术前升高的NLR不会导致BCR(P=0.31)。然而,亚组分析显示,在中等PSA水平组中,升高的NLR可导致BCR风险增加(HR=1.12,95%CI:1.04~1.20,P=0.04)。在经腹腔入路手术的患者中,较高的NLR更容易导致BCR(HR=1.05,95%CI:0.99~1.11,P=0.02)。对于那些肿瘤体积中等(HR=1.06,95%CI:0.93~1.20,P=0.03)或较大(HR=1.02,95%CI:0.94~1.10,P=0.03)的患者,BCR风险可随着NLR的升高而增加。结论对于经腹腔入路手术、肿瘤大小中等或较大、中等PSA水平的患者,生化复发风险与NLR呈正相关。     

复方丹参滴丸联合新活素治疗充血性心力衰竭临床研究

目的:观察充血性心力衰竭患者应用复方丹参滴丸联合新活素的治疗效果。方法:选取86例充血性心力衰竭患者作为研究对象,按随机数字表法分为2组各43例。对照组给予常规治疗,联合组给予复方丹参滴丸联合新活素治疗。比较2组临床疗效及治疗前后N端B型钠尿肽原(NT-proBNP)、左心室射血分数(LVEF)的变化情况。结果:治疗后,联合组总有效率为93.02%,显著高于对照组的69.77%(P0.05)。治疗前,2组患者NT-proBNP水平、LVEF比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,2组患者NT-proBNP水平较治疗前显著降低,且联合组较对照组降低更显著(P0.05);2组患者LVEF较治疗前均显著升高,且联合组较对照组升高更显著(P0.05)。结论:充血性心力衰竭患者应用复方丹参滴丸联合新活素治疗能够明显改善其临床症状,降低NT-proBNP水平,提高LVEF,有助于改善患者的心功能,获得良好的治疗效果。     

全髋关节置换术后患者早期抗阻训练的最佳证据总结

目的 检索、获取全髋关节置换患者术后早期抗阻训练的相关证据,并对最佳证据进行总结。方法 使用计算机检索BMJ Best Practice、UpToDate、澳大利亚乔安娜布里格斯研究所循证卫生保健中心数据库、美国国立临床诊疗指南数据库、英国国家医疗保健优化研究所指南库、苏格兰校际指南网络、新西兰指南协作组网站、Cochrane Library、PubMed、EBSCO、荷兰学术期刊全文数据库、中国知网、万方、维普和中国生物医学文献数据库及骨科相关网站关于全髋关节置换患者术后早期抗阻训练的相关证据,包括指南、最佳实践、临床决策、系统评价、专家共识及相关原始研究,检索时限为2009年1月1日—2020年4月20日。由3名研究者对纳入的文献质量进行评价,并提取符合质量标准的文献证据。结果 共纳入文献20篇,包括指南2篇、临床决策1篇、随机对照试验研究6篇、系统评价7篇、专家共识2篇、病例对照研究1篇、队列研究1篇。结合专业人员的判断,围绕抗阻训练的评估、时间、强度、方式、地点、方案、不良反应及监测8个方面,共汇总13条最佳证据。 结论 总结的关于全髋关节置换患者术后早期抗阻训练的最佳证据,可为医护人员的临床应用提供循证依据。     

经典名方中附子的本草考证

通过查阅历代本草方书等文献,对古代经典名方中所用附子药材的名称、基原、产地、采收加工、炮制历史沿革及变迁情况进行了系统考证,为包含附子的经典名方开发提供依据。经考证可知,古代附子药材主流基原为毛茛科乌头Aconitum carmichaeli Debx.,药用部位为其子根,以四川绵阳为道地产区;宋代起开始大规模种植,清代陕西成为另一产区,但品质不及四川。附子炮制历史变迁复杂,由火制转变为水火共制,其辅料也经历了"简单-复杂-简单"的演变过程。基于考证结果,建议经典名方中附子药材以乌头A.carmichaeli子根为来源,遵循《中华人民共和国药典》中"黑顺片"炮制品的加工规范进行操作。     

长链非编码RNA RAB11B-AS1在膀胱癌组织中的表达及与预后的关系

 目的 探讨长链非编码RNA RAB11B-AS1（lncRNA RAB11B-AS1）在膀胱癌组织中的表达及其与临床病理参数和预后的关系。方法 收集2012年10月—2014年2月于云南省第二人民医院泌尿外科手术切除的83例膀胱癌组织及相应癌旁正常组织。采用qRT-PCR检测lncRNA RAB11B-AS1的表达并分析其与患者临床病理特征的关系，采用Cox回归分析lncRNA RAB11B-AS1表达水平与膀胱癌患者预后的关系。结果 lncRNA RAB11B-AS1在膀胱癌组织中的表达水平低于癌旁正常组织（1.17±0.32 vs 2.09±0.74，t=10.396，P<0.001）；膀胱癌癌组织中lncRNA RAB11B-AS1的表达水平与患者TNM分期、组织学分级和淋巴结是否转移有关（P<0.05）。lncRNA RAB11B-AS1高表达患者5年总生存率高于低表达患者（62.22% vs 26.32%，χ²=13.420，P<0.001）；多因素Cox回归分析显示，lncRNA RAB11B-AS1低表达是影响膀胱癌患者预后的独立危险因素（HR=1.126，95%CI：1.058~1.200，P<0.001）。结论 lncRNA RAB11B-AS1在膀胱癌组织中低表达，且低表达患者预后较差。     

两株对万古霉素敏感性减低金黄色葡萄球菌的透射电镜下超微结构观察

目的 对前期课题筛选出的万古霉素中介金黄色葡萄球菌（vancomycin intermediate Stapylococcus aureus,VISA）及异质性耐万古霉素金黄色葡萄球菌（heterogeneous vancomycin resistant Stapylococcus aureus，hetero-VISA）进行透射电镜下的超微结构观察。方法 用KB法、琼脂稀释法和E-test 法、菌谱分析法对分离出的VISA 和h-VISA 进行确认，并用透射电镜法对其进行超微结构观察。结果 检测到的VISA 和h-VISA 经透射电镜观察发现菌株较标准菌株细胞壁增厚，细胞表面粗糙。结论 VISA 和h-VISA 等万古霉素敏感性减低金黄色葡萄球菌对万古霉素耐药很可能是由于细菌细胞壁增厚所引起的。     

Cherubism With Bilateral Mandible and Maxilla Involvement: A Case Report

Cherubism is a rare, nonneoplastic, self-limiting fibro-osseous that occurs in children. Affected children usually appear normal at birth. Lesions are characterized by the replacement of bone with fibrovascular tissue containing many multinucleated giant cells. Most studies have reported cherubism to be familial and with bilateral involvement of the mandibles. The authors describe a nonfamilial case of cherubism, involving both the mandible and the maxilla, in a 4-year-old female child with slowly enlarging, painless, symmetrical swelling of both cheeks.Cherubism is a rare disease that is usually limited to the mandible, but the maxilla may be involved. Computed tomography scan and biopsy are helpful for early diagnosis.     

Investigation on the production of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies in chronic bronchitis rats

Objective To investigate the pathogenesis of the production of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) in the rat models of chronic bronchitis (CB) with recurrent infections. Methods The CB models were made by double element of smoking and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. The rats were divided into four groups, including normal control group (n=5), phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA)-treated healthy rats control group (n=5), CB rats group (n=5) and PMA-treated CB rats group (n=6). Renal function of rats was detected. The histopathological lung and kidney tissues were observed by HE staining of paraffin section. Immunological markers, including myeloperoxidase anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (MPO-ANCA), proteinase 3 anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (PR3-ANCA) and citrullinated histone H3 (CitH3), were measured by enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay (ELISA) at different time points. Correlation between CitH3 and MPO-ANCA was analyzed by the Spearman rank correlation. NETs components were further detected in lung and kidney tissue by confocal immunofluorescence and colocalization analysis. Results (1) The serum levels of CitH3 and MPO-ANCA in CB+PMA group showed an increased trend. Compared with those in the normal control group and CB rats group, the serum levels of CitH3 and MPO-ANCA in CB+PMA group increased significantly at the sixth week (both P＜0.05). Serum CitH3 levels in rats were positively correlated with serum MPO-ANCA levels (rs=0.490，P=0.024). (2) There were pathological manifestations of CB in the lung tissues of rats in CB group and CB+PMA group, and no obvious abnormalities in the lung tissues of rats in the normal control group and control group. In the rat kidney tissue of CB+PMA group, there were inflammatory cells infiltrated in the glomerular and around the renal tubules, but glomerular necrosis was not found. No obvious abnormalities were observed in the kidney tissues of rats in the normal control group, PMA-treated healthy rats control group and CB group. (3) In the lung and kidney tissues of CB+PMA group NETs could be detected by confocal immunofluorescence analysis. Conclusion CB rats with the recurrent infections can release large amounts of NETs, in which the exposure of MPO antigen will break the immune tolerance and result in the production of MPO-ANCA.